Yesterday in Rome, the Holy Father presided at a Mass to open the long-awaited Year of Faith. This opening coincided with the 50th Anniversary of the opening session of the Second Vatican Council (October 11, 1962) but for many Catholics born after the mid-1960s this date doesn't hold the same significance as it does for others who may remember where they were on that date.
Here is the text of the Holy Father's reflections for the beginning of this special year, during which it is our hope that many will deepen their understanding of and appreciation for the rich history that is ours and the faith that has been entrusted to us.
HOMILY OF THE HOLY FATHER FOR THE OPENING OF THE YEAR OF FAITH
Dear Brother Bishops,
Dear brothers and sisters!
Today, fifty years from the opening of the
Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, we begin with great joy the
Year of Faith. I am delighted to greet all
of you, particularly His Holiness Bartholomaois I, Patriarch of Constantinople,
and His Grace Rowan Williams, Archbishop of Canterbury. A special greeting goes
to the Patriarchs and Major Archbishops of the Eastern Catholic Churches, and to
the Presidents of the Bishops’ Conferences. In order to evoke the Council, which
some present had the grace to experience for themselves - and I greet them with
particular affection - this celebration has been enriched by several special
signs: the opening procession, intended to recall the memorable one of the
Council Fathers when they entered this Basilica; the enthronement of the Book of
the Gospels with the same book that was used at the Council; the consignment of
the seven final Messages of the Council, and of the Catechism of the Catholic
Church, which I will do before the final blessing. These signs help us not only
to remember, they also offer us the possibility of going beyond commemorating.
They invite us to enter more deeply into the spiritual movement which
characterized Vatican II, to make it ours and to develop it according to its
true meaning. And its true meaning was and remains faith in Christ, the
apostolic faith, animated by the inner desire to communicate Christ to
individuals and all people, in the Church’s pilgrimage along the pathways of
history.
The
Year of Faith which we launch today is linked harmoniously with
the Church’s whole path over the last fifty years: from the Council, through the Magisterium of the Servant of God
Paul
VI, who proclaimed a Year of Faith in
1967, up to the Great Jubilee of the year 2000, with which Blessed
John Paul II
re-proposed to all humanity Jesus Christ as the one Saviour, yesterday, today
and forever. Between these two Popes, Paul VI and John Paul II, there was a
deep and complete convergence, precisely upon Christ as the centre of the cosmos
and of history, and upon the apostolic eagerness to announce him to the world.
Jesus is the centre of the Christian faith. The Christian believes in God whose
face was revealed by Jesus Christ. He is the fulfilment of the Scriptures and
their definitive interpreter. Jesus Christ is not only the object of the faith
but, as it says in the
Letter to the Hebrews, he is “the pioneer and the
perfecter of our faith” (12:2).
Today’s Gospel tells us that Jesus Christ, consecrated by the Father
in the Holy Spirit, is the true and perennial subject of evangelization. “The
Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he has anointed me to preach the good
news to the poor” (
Lk 4:18). This mission of Christ, this movement of
his continues in space and time, over centuries and continents. It is a
movement which starts with the Father and, in the power of the Spirit, goes
forth to bring the good news to the poor, in both a material and a spiritual
sense. The Church is the first and necessary instrument of this work of Christ
because it is united to him as a body to its head. “As the Father has sent me,
even so I send you” (
Jn 20:21), says the Risen One to his disciples, and
breathing upon them, adds, “Receive the Holy Spirit” (v.22). Through Christ,
God is the principal subject of evangelization in the world; but Christ himself
wished to pass on his own mission to the Church; he did so, and continues to do
so, until the end of time pouring out his Spirit upon the disciples, the same
Spirit who came upon him and remained in him during all his earthly life, giving
him the strength “to proclaim release to the captives and recovering of sight to
the blind, to set at liberty those who are oppressed” and “to proclaim the
acceptable year of the Lord” (
Lk 4:18-19)
The
Second
Vatican Council did not wish to deal with the theme of
faith in one specific document. It was, however, animated by a desire, as it
were, to immerse itself anew in the Christian mystery so as to re-propose it
fruitfully to contemporary man. The Servant of God
Paul
VI, two years after the
end of the Council session, expressed it in this way: “Even if the Council does
not deal expressly with the faith, it talks about it on every page, it
recognizes its vital and supernatural character, it assumes it to be whole and
strong, and it builds upon its teachings. We need only recall some of the
Council’s statements in order to realize the essential importance that the
Council, consistent with the doctrinal tradition of the Church, attributes to
the faith, the true faith, which has Christ for its source and the Church’s Magisterium for its channel” (
General Audience, 8 March 1967). Thus said
Paul VI in 1967.
We now turn to the one who convoked the
Second
Vatican Council and
inaugurated it: Blessed
John XXIII. In his opening speech, he presented the
principal purpose of the Council in this way: “What above all concerns the
Ecumenical Council is this: that the sacred deposit of Christian doctrine be
safeguarded and taught more effectively […] Therefore, the principal purpose of
this Council is not the discussion of this or that doctrinal theme… a Council is
not required for that… [but] this certain and immutable doctrine, which is to be
faithfully respected, needs to be explored and presented in a way which responds
to the needs of our time” (
AAS 54 [1962], 790,791-792). So said Pope
John at the inauguration of the Council.
In the light of these words, we can understand what I myself felt at
the time: during the Council there was an emotional tension as we faced the
common task of making the truth and beauty of the faith shine out in our time,
without sacrificing it to the demands of the present or leaving it tied to the
past: the eternal presence of God resounds in the faith, transcending time, yet
it can only be welcomed by us in our own unrepeatable today. Therefore I
believe that the most important thing, especially on such a significant occasion
as this, is to revive in the whole Church that positive tension, that yearning
to announce Christ again to contemporary man. But, so that this interior thrust
towards the new evangelization neither remain just an idea nor be lost in
confusion, it needs to be built on a concrete and precise basis, and this basis
is the documents of the
Second
Vatican Council, the place where it found
expression. This is why I have often insisted on the need to return, as it
were, to the “letter” of the Council – that is to its texts – also to draw from
them its authentic spirit, and why I have repeated that the true legacy of
Vatican II is to be found in them. Reference to the documents saves us from
extremes of anachronistic nostalgia and running too far ahead, and allows what
is new to be welcomed in a context of continuity. The Council did not formulate
anything new in matters of faith, nor did it wish to replace what was ancient.
Rather, it concerned itself with seeing that the same faith might continue to be
lived in the present day, that it might remain a living faith in a world of
change.
If we place ourselves in harmony with the authentic approach which
Blessed
John XXIII wished to give to Vatican II, we will be able to realize it
during this
Year of Faith, following the same path of the Church as she
continuously endeavours to deepen the deposit of faith entrusted to her by
Christ. The Council Fathers wished to present the faith in a meaningful way;
and if they opened themselves trustingly to dialogue with the modern world it is
because they were certain of their faith, of the solid rock on which they
stood. In the years following, however, many embraced uncritically the dominant
mentality, placing in doubt the very foundations of the deposit of faith, which
they sadly no longer felt able to accept as truths.
If today the Church proposes a new
Year of Faith and a new
evangelization, it is not to honour an anniversary, but because there is more
need of it, even more than there was fifty years ago! And the reply to be given
to this need is the one desired by the Popes, by the Council Fathers and
contained in its documents. Even the initiative to create a
Pontifical Council for the promotion of the new
evangelization, which I thank for its special
effort for the
Year of Faith, is to be understood in this context. Recent
decades have seen the advance of a spiritual “desertification”. In the
Council’s time it was already possible from a few tragic pages of history to
know what a life or a world without God looked like, but now we see it every day
around us. This void has spread. But it is in starting from the experience of
this desert, from this void, that we can again discover the joy of believing,
its vital importance for us, men and women. In the desert we rediscover the
value of what is essential for living; thus in today’s world there are
innumerable signs, often expressed implicitly or negatively, of the thirst for
God, for the ultimate meaning of life. And in the desert people of faith are
needed who, with their own lives, point out the way to the Promised Land and
keep hope alive. Living faith opens the heart to the grace of God which frees
us from pessimism. Today, more than ever, evangelizing means witnessing to the
new life, transformed by God, and thus showing the path. The first reading
spoke to us of the wisdom of the wayfarer (cf.
Sir 34:9-13): the journey
is a metaphor for life, and the wise wayfarer is one who has learned the art of
living, and can share it with his brethren – as happens to pilgrims along the
Way of Saint James or similar routes which, not by chance, have again become
popular in recent years. How come so many people today feel the need to make
these journeys? Is it not because they find there, or at least intuit, the
meaning of our existence in the world? This, then, is how we can picture the
Year of Faith, a pilgrimage in the deserts of today’s world, taking with us only
what is necessary: neither staff, nor bag, nor bread, nor money, nor two tunics
– as the Lord said to those he was sending out on mission (cf.
Lk
9:3), but the Gospel and the faith of the Church, of which the Council documents
are a luminous expression, as is the Catechism of the Catholic Church, published
twenty years ago.
Venerable and dear Brothers, 11 October 1962 was the Feast of Mary
Most Holy, Mother of God. Let us entrust to her the
Year of Faith, as I did
last week when I went on pilgrimage to Loreto. May the Virgin Mary always shine
out as a star along the way of the new evangelization. May she help us to put
into practice the Apostle Paul’s exhortation, “Let the word of Christ dwell in
you richly, teach and admonish one another in all wisdom […] And whatever you
do, in word or deed, do everything in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks
to God the Father through him” (
Col 3:16-17). Amen.